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via Cognitive Computation (Online First™) on 1/11/11
Abstract
Most bottom-up models that predict human eye fixations are based on contrast features. The saliency model of Itti, Koch and Niebur is an example of such contrast-saliency models. Although the model has been successfully compared to human eye fixations, we show that it lacks preciseness in the prediction of fixations on mirror-symmetrical forms. The contrast model gives high response at the borders, whereas human observers consistently look at the symmetrical center of these forms. We propose a saliency model that predicts eye fixations using local mirror symmetry. To test the model, we performed an eye-tracking experiment with participants viewing complex photographic images and compared the data with our symmetry model and the contrast model. The results show that our symmetry model predicts human eye fixations significantly better on a wide variety of images including many that are not selected for their symmetrical content. Moreover, our results show that especially early fixations are on highly symmetrical areas of the images. We conclude that symmetry is a strong predictor of human eye fixations and that it can be used as a predictor of the order of fixation.
- Content Type Journal Article
- Pages 1-18
- DOI 10.1007/s12559-010-9089-5
- Authors
- Gert Kootstra, CAS/CVAP, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Bart de Boer, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Lambert R. B. Schomaker, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Journal Cognitive Computation
- Online ISSN 1866-9964
- Print ISSN 1866-9956
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